ISO 20902-2:2023

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20902-2
First edition
2023-01
Fire test procedures for divisional
elements that are typically used in oil,
gas and petrochemical industries —
Part 2:
Additional procedures for pipe
penetration and cable transit sealing
systems
Méthodes d'essais au feu des éléments de séparation habituellement
utilisés dans les industries pétrolières, gazières et pétrochimiques —
Partie 2: Modes opératoires supplémentaires pour les systèmes de
calfeutrement de traversées de câbles et de trémies de tuyaux
Reference number
ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
© ISO 2023

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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
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© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 3
5 Test equipment .3
6 Test conditions .3
6.1 Preconditioning . 3
6.2 General . 3
7 Instrumentation . 4
7.1 General . 4
7.2 Roving thermocouple. 4
7.3 Integrity measurements . 4
7.4 Infrared camera . . 4
8 Test requirements . 5
8.1 General . 5
8.2 Minimum number of test specimens . 5
8.3 Size and spacing of specimens . 6
8.4 Pipe and cable restraint . 6
8.5 Blank penetration seal . . 6
9 Pipe penetration system design and construction aspects . 6
9.1 General . 6
9.2 Instrumentation . 7
10 Cable transit design and construction aspects . 9
10.1 General . 9
10.2 Instrumentation . 9
11 Reporting .11
Annex A (informative) Cable types .13
Annex B (informative) Guidance on application of test results and classification .15
Bibliography .18
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire
containment.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20902 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
Introduction
This document describes a test procedure to assess the protection afforded by fire protection materials
and systems to divisional elements. It gives an indication of how fire protection materials will perform
when exposed to a set of specified fire conditions.
The classification of divisional elements (bulkheads and decks) in the marine industry [i.e. ships
as defined by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) and Safety of Life and Sea (SOLAS)
convention] is primarily undertaken in accordance with classification society procedures through
testing to the fire test procedures (FTP) codes IMO resolution 307(88), formerly IMO A.754(18).
Historically, FTP-code-compliant test evidence has been used to support non-marine applications by
implementing hydrocarbon time temperature regime profiles. To reduce the burden on industry, this
document is compatible with FTP codes IMO resolution MSC 307(88) where relevant, allowing the use
of both IMO and ISO test procedures for specific classification ratings.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
Fire test procedures for divisional elements that are
typically used in oil, gas and petrochemical industries —
Part 2:
Additional procedures for pipe penetration and cable
transit sealing systems
1 Scope
ISO 20902-1 specifies a test methodology for determining the fire resistance of divisional elements
with a fire protection system when subjected to cellulosic or hydrocarbon-pool type fire exposure
conditions. This document describes additional test procedures for penetration and cable transit sealing
systems intended for non-marine applications but suitable for offshore fixed and mobile installations.
The test data thus obtained enables subsequent classification on the basis of the duration for which the
performance of the divisional element under these conditions satisfies specified criteria.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance tests — Elements of building construction — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 20902-1:2018, Fire test procedures for divisional elements that are typically used in oil, gas and
petrochemical industries — Part 1: General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
penetration
aperture within a fire separating element usually present to accommodate the passage of a service
through that element
[SOURCE: ISO 10295-1:2007, 3.2]
3.2
penetration seal
single component or system used to maintain the fire resistance of the fire-separating element at the
position where services pass through the element
[SOURCE: ISO 10295-1:2007, 3.4]
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
3.3
penetration sealing system
assembly for test consisting of the penetrating service or services and the penetration seal, materials
or devices, together with any service support construction, designed to maintain the integrity and
insulation performance of the separating element for the duration of the fire test
[SOURCE: ISO 10295-1:2007, 3.5]
3.4
blank penetration seal
system where an aperture of specified size in the fire separating element is sealed or closed by the
specified seal without incorporation of penetrating services
[SOURCE: ISO 10295-1:2007, 3.7]
3.5
test construction
complete assembly, consisting of the separating element and penetration sealing system
[SOURCE: ISO 10295-1:2007, 3.8]
3.6
bulkhead
vertical divisional element typically used in the marine industry
[SOURCE: ISO 20902-1:2018, 3.1]
3.7
deck
horizontal divisional element typically used in the marine industry
[SOURCE: ISO 20902-1:2018, 3.2]
3.8
divisional element
element that is intended for use in maintaining separation between two adjacent areas of facilities
within the oil and gas industry, and which may or may not be load bearing
[SOURCE: ISO 20902-1:2018, 3.3]
3.9
hot spot
location on the back of the test specimen, within the permitted measurement area, where the highest
temperature is recorded
3.10
structural core
the primary component or components of the divisional element responsible for providing load bearing
capability or integrity (as appropriate), excluding additional components provided for insulation
purposes
Note 1 to entry: This typically consists of a metallic plate (either flat or corrugated) with stiffeners.
[SOURCE: ISO 20902-1:2018, 3.5]
3.11
cable filling ratio
ratio between a cross-section area of cables and a cross-section area of the transit
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
3.12
coaming
raised edge around an opening in a division, which can be an integral part of the division or a frame
attached to the division
3.13
symmetrical system
system that is identical on the fire-exposed and non-fire-exposed sides of the division
3.14
asymmetrical system
system differing on the fire-exposed and non-fire-exposed sides of the division
3.15
transit system
system consisting of a frame, box or coaming, a sealant system or materials and cables and/or small
bore pipework used to create a gas-, smoke-, water-, fire- and blast-resistant seal around the cables
and/or pipes as they pass through openings in walls, floors, bulkheads or decks
Note 1 to entry: The system may be uninsulated, partially insulated or fully insulated.
4 Principle
The method provides supplementary procedures to ISO 20902-1 for the purpose of standardizing
testing of divisional elements containing some form of penetration. For the purpose of this document,
a penetration is considered as any breach of the integrity of an otherwise continuous divisional
element. Examples of penetrations include pipe and duct penetration seals and cable transits. To
maintain compatibility with both prescriptive regulations and risk-analysis-derived, performance-
based requirements, this document is non-prescriptive in terms of failure criteria and thermal loads.
Classification procedures are given to facilitate correct interpretation of tests results derived in
accordance with this document.
5 Test equipment
Equipment employed in the conduct of this test consists of a furnace, restraint and support frames and
instrumentation as specified in ISO 20902-1.
In addition to the requirements of ISO 20902-1, the internal dimensions of the test furnace shall be such
that a distance of at least 200 mm exists between any point of the periphery of any penetration seal and
the wall of the furnace.
6 Test conditions
6.1 Preconditioning
Specimens shall be subject to a conditioning procedure in accordance with ISO 834-1.
6.2 General
All test conditions shall conform to those given in ISO 20902-1, except where directly modified by
clauses within this document.
Where a penetration sealing system is intended for use in both horizontal and vertical separating
elements, then each orientation shall be tested.
A pressure of (20 ± 2) Pa shall be established at the bottom of the lowest penetration in a vertical
assembly.
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
For horizontal elements, a static pressure of (20 ± 2) Pa in the horizontal plane at (100 ± 10) mm below
the underside of the separating element shall exist.
NOTE Backwards compatibility with the pressure control requirements of the FTP codes (2010) is intended.
The FTP codes met the pressure criteria above implicitly through control of specimen position and minimum
dimensions. The move to explicit control of pressure is intended to provide greater flexibility regarding the
number of specimens tested simultaneously.
7 Instrumentation
7.1 General
The control, monitoring and recording equipment necessary to carry out tests in accordance with this
document shall be as described in ISO 20902-1, subject to the additional requirements in this clause.
The measurement and control of furnace temperature shall be measured using plate thermometers,
in accordance with ISO 834-1, uniformly distributed so as to give a reliable indication of the average
gas temperature in the vicinity of the heated face of the test construction. The hot junctions shall be
located initially in a plane (100 ± 10) mm from the exposed face of the separating element. In addition,
no junction shall be closer than 100 mm to any projecting part of the seal, a penetrating service, or
any part of the furnace at the start of the test. At least one plate thermometer shall be provided for
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every 1,5 m of the heated area of the test construction, subject to a minimum number of four plate
thermometers for each test construction.
Unexposed face temperature measurement shall be made using thermocouples in accordance with
ISO 834-1. In the case of non-planar surfaces, the disc and pad shall be deformed to follow the surface
profile. If there is difficulty in fixing the standard pad, the size of the pad shall be reduced in size subject
to a minimum dimension of 12 mm.
7.2 Roving thermocouple
The information obtained on unexposed face surface temperatures shall be supplemented by additional
data derived from measurements obtained using a roving thermocouple as specified in ISO 20902-1,
applied to identify any local “hot spots” or where temperatures measured by the fixed thermocouples
are not reliable.
7.3 Integrity measurements
Where difficulties arise in attempting to use the cotton pad for the assessment of loss of integrity in
accordance with ISO 834-1 when the penetration carries a high density of services, the size of the cotton
pad shall be reduced to (20 × 20 × 20) mm. The wire supporting frame described in ISO 834-1 shall be
adapted to the small pad size but still maintain the 30 mm clearance required from adjacent surfaces.
Gap gauges should not be used for the determination of integrity loss.
The use of cotton pads may be discontinued when the temperature of the separating element exceeds
300 °C within 70 mm of the penetration seal, measured to the edge of the cotton pad.
7.4 Infrared camera
The provisions relating to use of an infrared (IR) camera in ISO 20902-1 shall apply. The use of an IR
camera may be omitted for separating elements that are uninsulated on the fire and non-fire side and
that are without insulation performance criteria.
NOTE The IR camera is not used for the determination of temperatures but for guiding the placement of the
roving thermocouple, as described in ISO 20902-1:2018, 6.10.
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
8 Test requirements
8.1 General
All penetrations shall be part of a division constructed of materials corresponding to the actual
construction.
The division structural core and edge frames shall be constructed in accordance with ISO 20902-1:2018,
Clause 5, so far as is practicable.
The penetration, any associated fittings (if applicable), and any associated framework, shall be
constructed of a material corresponding to the actual construction and insulated as necessary to
achieve the desired standard of insulation.
The method of fixing the penetration or transit frame into the division shall be the same as that used
in practice. If the method of fixing the penetration in a test is made by bolts, full welding shall be
considered an acceptable alternative method of fixing the penetration or cable transit frame without
further tests.
Penetrations shall be fixed or mounted into the structural core such that the side expected to give the
inferior performance is exposed to the heating conditions of the test.
Any auxiliary means of maintaining a minimum spacing (as specified by the manufacturer and as tested)
between individual cables/pipes and between the cables/pipes and the frame of the penetration, or any
auxiliary sealing system necessary to achieve tightness capability, where required, shall be part of the
penetration during the fire test. Examples of auxiliary means are:
— packing material/insulating compounds;
— putty;
— intermediate layers of all kinds;
— expansion elements.
8.2 Minimum number of test specimens
Rectangular and circular penetrations shall be tested separately.
The maximum and minimum dimensions shall be tested.
Penetrations intended for use in divisions with an insulation (I) classification shall be installed in
divisions which are insulated to achieve a classification rating equal to the classification rating sought
for the penetration specimen. The specimen shall be insulated on the non-exposed face in cases of
vertical divisions, and the fire-exposed face in the case of horizontal divisions.
Penetrations intended for use in divisions without an insulation (I) classification shall be installed in
divisions which are uninsulated.
Uninsulated divisions without an insulation (I) classification should not be assumed to maintain their
insulation and integrity classification following the addition of insulation.
In the case of asymmetrical systems in a vertical separating element, normally two tests shall be
carried out: one from each direction of exposure. Where it can be established clearly in an asymmetrical
system in a vertical separating element that there is a weaker direction of exposure, it is required to
test only the weaker direction. A full justification for the procedure adopted shall be included in the
report. Where the penetration sealing system is fully symmetrical, only one specimen is required to be
tested with either face exposed to the heating regime.
In the case of horizontal elements, the test specimen shall be exposed to heating from the underside.
When a horizontal system is fitted on an exposed side or is fitted symmetrically, the test shall also be
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
considered applicable for a vertical orientation. When the penetration is fitted on an unexposed side,
the approval shall be considered applicable only to the tested orientation.
8.3 Size and spacing of specimens
A penetration and the accompanying penetration seal shall, where practicable, be full size. In order to
avoid boundary effects, the distance between the perimeter of the penetration sealing system and the
outer perimeter of the heated part of the separating element shall be not less than 200 mm at any point.
In cases where multiple penetrations are included in a single test construction, the minimum distance
between adjacent fire seals shall be not less than 200 mm. Each penetration with its associated
service(s) and penetration sealing system(s) shall be the subject of a separate evaluation provided that
the specified conditions are maintained with respect to the penetration being evaluated.
The maximum and minimum coaming sizes (in terms of both the width and the height, or diameter) of
each type of pipe penetration for which approval is sought shall be tested in each orientation required.
In cases where multiple penetrations are included in a single test construction, the minimum distance
between adjacent fire seals shall be not less than 200 mm, unless as required within the multi-transit
system arrangement.
8.4 Pipe and cable restraint
Each pipe shall be firmly supported and fixed independent of the bulkhead of deck on the unexposed
side of the test specimen, e.g., by a framework mounted from the restraint frame. The support and
fixing of the pipe shall restrain it from movement during the test.
In cases where a test specimen includes a penetration(s) which is not mounted within a rigid restraint
frame but is connected to the furnace roof by side wall coamings, the rigidity of the coamings shall be
equivalent to that of a restraint frame and evaluated in accordance with ISO 20902-1:2018, 5.9.
In all cases, the support and fixing of the test pipe(s) or cables shall be by a framework mounted from the
restraint frame such that any movement of the bulkhead or deck relative to the pipe(s) is experienced
by the penetration(s) being tested.
8.5 Blank penetration seal
The test results of the blank penetration seals are not applicable to penetrating items. If classification is
sought for a blank penetration seal it shall be tested in accordance with this document.
9 Pipe penetration system design and construction aspects
9.1 General
For penetration systems that are uninsulated or partially insulated, the following distances shall
be met. The exposed length of the uninsulated surface of the pipe on the fire-exposed face shall be a
minimum of 300 mm. The length of the uninsulated surface of the pipe on the unexposed face shall be a
minimum of 450 mm. In this context the penetration sealing system shall include any coating, wrapping
or other protection to the services.
In the case of pipes, end capping options shall be selected according to Table 1 and the conditions used
shall be considered in the corresponding classification of the test result.
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ISO 20902-2:2023(E)
Table 1 — Pipe end capping condition
Inside the furnace Outside the furnace
uncapped uncapped
capped uncapped
uncapped capped
capped capped
The method of capping shall be welding a cap of the same material, or through other appropriate means,
to achieve a hermetic seal.
All pipe penetrations shall be sealed to ensure no visible openings before the start of the fire test.
NOTE Authorities having jurisdiction can potentially have additional or different requirements relating to
the classification of pipe penetrations to those given in this document, for example, related to the pipes' diameter
and their direct attachment or not to the structural core.
Each pipe passing through a penetration shall project a minimum of 300 mm beyond the exposed end of
the penetration and a minimum of 450 mm beyond the unexposed end of the penetration.
In cases where insulation is fitted to the test pipe(s), the minimum distances above which the pipe
should project shall be taken from the end of the insulation as this is considered an integral part of the
penetration(s) being tested and it is necessary for a length of unprotected pipe to be exposed to the
furnace.
Penetrations shall be identified as single pipe penetrations or multi-pipe penetrations. Multiple pipe
penetrations shall be tested with at least two pipes in the same penetration seal.
In case of sealing systems for pipe bundles (groups of pipes in direct contact with each other), bundles
with both the minimum and maximum number of pipes for the intended range of application shall be
tested.
Further guidance on test design and applicability of results is given in Annex B.
9.2 Instrumentation
For each pipe penetration, two thermocouples (TCs) shall be fixed on the unexposed face at each of the
following locations:
1) on the pipe penetration at a distance of 25 mm from the centre of the thermocouples to the face of
the insul
...